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What is a digital X-ray?
A digital X-ray, or digital radiography, is a modern type of X-ray that utilises digital sensors instead of photographic film, as with a traditional X-ray. The image captured is converted to digital data immediately and is available for review within seconds.

What does a digital X-ray involve?
The digital X-ray procedure is highly similar to traditional X-rays; it is the technology that is very different. Bursts of radiation still pass through the body and form an image based on how much radiation passes through the different organs, but rather than using photographic film to capture the image, digital sensors are used.

Digital X-ray sensors usually come in the form of active matrix flat panels made up of a detection layer over an active matrix array of thin film transistors and photodiodes. These sensors are able to convert the image into digital form in real time, allowing the doctor to view the results on a computer immediately.

Why is a digital X-ray done?
Digital X-rays, much like traditional X-rays, allow the doctor to examine inside a patient’s body. This may be useful to observe the extent of the damage done during an injury, including bone breaks and fractures. They can also detect masses in soft tissue, which could lead to the discovery of a tumour or other illnesses.

Digital X-rays are of particular interest in dentistry, where the rapid availability of the results means that a dentist can enhance the images by controlling the exposure in real time and therefore can obtain clear and detailed results that can be shared with the patient immediately. The clarity of digital X-rays makes them superior to traditional X-rays in terms of finding tiny fractures and imperfections in the teeth.

What are the advantages of digital X-rays?
Digital X-rays have several key advantages over other options:

Clarity – digital X-rays are capable of producing very high quality images in which the doctor or dentist can observe the scanned part of the body in very fine detail Real-time enhancement – the ability to produce the images immediately means that the doctor can adjust the exposure in real time, making the images lighter and darker as needed to see particular aspects of the scan more clearly Speed – the results are available for review immediately Reduces radiation exposure – not only do digital X-rays produce high-definition images in seconds, they do so with lower doses of radiation than other X-rays, which is better for the patient Efficiency – in addition to being efficient in terms of the radiation used, digital X-rays save a lot of time and effort that would be spent creating, filing, and retrieving traditional X-ray results; digital X-ray results are available quickly and easily at the click of a mouse Avoids the use of chemicals for developing film
What are the disadvantages of digital X-rays?
The technology is expensive Digital X-ray technology is generally less flexible and less portable than traditional X-rays.

What is an Ammonia test?

Ammonia test, also called NH3 test, blood ammonia test, or serum ammonia test, is conducted to measure the ammonia levels in the blood. Ammonia is a waste product generated in our bodies during protein digestion. Bacteria in our gut and cells create ammonia. Ammonia is further processed in our liver and converted into urea, another waste product that can flush through the body with urine. If you are unable to process ammonia, the levels of ammonia buildup in the bloodstream can cause serious health issues.

What is an Ammonia Test used for?

Ammonia test is used to detect causes or diseases causing abnormal ammonia levels. It is also used to monitor the ammonia levels in the bloodstream for existing health problems.

Understanding the test results of the Ammonia test
Your ammonia levels in the test can either be normal or be high. High ammonia levels in the bloodstream can be a sign of an unhealthy liver. In adults, high ammonia levels can be an indication of liver cirrhosis, encephalopathy, kidney diseases, or even kidney failure. In teens and children, Reye syndrome can be the cause of high ammonia levels. In infants, it can be due to genetic conditions or hemolytic disease.

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FERTILITY TREATMENTS
How To Read A Sperm Analysis Report
How To Read A Sperm Analysis Report
Any condition in a man that affects the chances of getting the female partner pregnant is known as male infertility. The most common cause of male infertility is to do with the health of the sperm.

Male fertility is diagnosed through a number of tests, the most important being the semen analysis test. After collection, the semen sample is sent to a laboratory where it is assessed for various factors such as volume of semen, semen count, motility and morphology. Absence or low sperm numbers does not necessarily indicate that a man is absolutely infertile. It could point to a hindrance with the production or delivery of the sperm.

If you have had a semen analysis done recently, and received the report, you might be wondering what the numbers on the report mean. Let us look at some of the terms generally mentioned in the semen analysis report and what the healthy levels for each should be.



Semen Ejaculate Volume


On an average, a man produces 2 – 5 ml volume of semen on ejaculation. If the volume is low or absent, it could be due to the following reasons:

Failed emission (inability to ejaculate)
Incomplete collection (partial collection of the semen)
Problems or absence of the duct that carries the spermatozoa.
Short abstinence interval (Engaging in sexual intercourse too frequently.)


Sperm Concentration


Spermatozoa concentration should typically be a minimum of 15 million per ml. If the count is lower than this, it is called oligospermia where as if no sperms are present in the semen, it is termed azoospermia. If the sperm concentration is below 5 million/ml, it is considered severely low. Sperm count can fluctuate on a daily basis and is also affected by abstinence of sexual intercourse.



Sperm Motility


Sperm motility (movement) is as important as sperm count. Motility can be further divided into total motility (any kind of movement) and progressive motility (forward movement). Healthy sperm must have a fast, forward movement. This allows the sperm to swim to their destination, which is the female reproductive tract, and fertilize the egg. Over 50% sperm motility provides a better chance of pregnancy. If the motility is lower than normal, it is termed asthenospermia.



Sperm Morphology


Sperm morphology refers to the shape and size (appearance) of the sperms. The semen sample is examined to check what percentage of the sperms has a normal shape. The shape of the sperm’s head, body and tail are taken into account. Normally, the sperm should have an oval head and an extended tail. If the sperm is misshapen, it might indicate that the health of the sperm has been affected by exposure to toxins, chemicals or other problems. Even if the sperm sample has 12% normal sperms, it is considered normal. Higher percentage of abnormal sperms is termed teratospermia.



What Abnormal Sperm Results Indicate


If your semen analysis report shows any irregularities, your fertility expert might recommend another semen analysis after four to six weeks. If the report still shows abnormalities after the second analysis, other tests might be conducted to look for underlying problems. Some cases can be treated with minor alterations to lifestyle or medication. Latest developments in reproductive medicine have made it possible to treat many infertility issues. Consult an andrologist to understand your semen analysis report in detail and to receive the best infertility treatment available.

Anti SSB test.

Anti SSB antibodies are primarily anti-nuclear antibodies which are associated with various autoimmune diseases. It mainly includes systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), SS/SLE overlap syndrome, subacute cutaneous, primary biliary cirrhosis etc. Anti SSB antibody blood test is done to determine whether SSB antibody is present in the blood or not. It helps in evaluating patients with various signs and symptoms of a connective tissue disease. If the test is positive, then it indicates the presence of the disease. SS-A is mainly composed of protein antigens and cytoplasmic RNA species. Hence, this test is essential for people with ‘connective tissue’ disease. Depending upon the report of this test further treatment and advice is provided by the doctor or the medical practitioner. One might also be needing this test if they suffer from certain syndrome such as dry eyes. Muscle pain, arthritis, dry skin, sore tongue etc.

Anti SSA test.

Anti-SSA/Ro autoantibodies are used in clinical settings as a diagnostic tool to identify patients with SLE and Sjögren’s syndrome. In clinical tests for autoimmune disease, Anti-Ro antibodies are some of the most consistently and frequently detected among autoantibodies.

Anti-CCP test.

The Anti-CCP test, short for Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies Test, is also known as the citrulline antibody, CCP antibody, or anti-citrulline antibody test. It’s commonly used to measure the levels of specific antibodies called anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPAs). These antibodies are found in approximately 60% to 70% of people who have rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) Test

An ANA test is a blood test that looks for antinuclear antibodies in your blood. Antibodies are proteins that your immune system makes to fight foreign substances, such as viruses and bacteria. But an antinuclear antibody attacks your own healthy cells instead. It’s called “antinuclear” because it targets the nucleus (center) of the cells.

It’s normal to have a few antinuclear antibodies in your blood. But a large number may be a sign of an autoimmune disorder. If you have an autoimmune disorder, your immune system attacks the cells of your organs and tissues by mistake. These disorders can cause serious health problems.

ముస్కురాహత్ పృథ్వీ కా మంత్రం ఉంది, ముస్కాన్ యొక్క బినా మనుష్య ఒక మషీన్ ఉంది, ప్రత్యేకత అవసరం ర మందిర హే, జీవన్ కి రక్షణ కొరకు శరీర మందిర హే, హమ్ కహీం భీ రాష్ట్ర గర్ల్ ట్ర క కళ్యాణ దేఖేంగే …ఆజ్ కె జీవితం కో ఛూ లేనే వాలా, జీవన్ కో ఛూ లేనే వాలా

मुस्कुराहट पृथ्वी का मंत्र है, मुस्कान के बिना मनुष्य एक मशीन है, प्रत्येक जीवित वस्तु के लिए शरीर मंदिर है, जीवन की रक्षा के लिए शरीर मंदिर है, हम कहीं भी राष्ट्र की सेवा करेंगे और राष्ट्र का कल्याण देखेंगे …आज के जीवन को छू लेने वाला, जीवन को छू लेने वाला

புன்னகை ஒன்றுதான் பூமியின் மந்திரம், புன்னகை இல்லையேல் மனிதன் ஓர் எந்திரம், ஒவ்வொரு உயிருக்கும் உடம்பு தான் ஆலயம்,உடல் என்னும் ஆலயம் காப்பதே ஜீவிதம், தேசம் எங்கும் சேவை செய்வோம் நாடெங்கும் நலமும் காண்போம்…டச்சிங் லைவ்ஸ் டுடே டச்சிங் லைவ்ஸ்